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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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012389
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01238900.029
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1990-09-17
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WORLD, Page 39MEXICORobin Hood or Robbing Hood?Salinas strikes a blow against the oil union
It was a rude awakening for Joaquin Hernandez Galicia, the
strongman behind Mexico's oilworkers union. At about 9 a.m. last
Tuesday, scores of federal police officers and troops surrounded
Hernandez's heavily guarded house in Ciudad Madero, northeast of
Mexico City. Whether authorities first attempted to arrest
Hernandez without force is unclear; what is beyond dispute is that
the lawmen used a bazooka to blast open the front door. When the
battle was over, a federal agent lay dead and Hernandez and about
a dozen other union officials and bodyguards were under arrest.
Immediately after the raid, the government announced it had
found 200 automatic weapons and 30,000 rounds of ammunition in
Hernandez's house. Hernandez and his colleagues were quickly flown
to Mexico City, where they were arraigned on charges of illegally
possessing weapons, resisting arrest and killing a police officer.
As news of the arrests spread, oil-union workers staged strikes
and demonstrations in several parts of the country. Gasoline
supplies ran out in Mexico City and other areas as panicky
motorists filled their tanks. By week's end, however, strikers had
returned to their jobs and gas stations were operating normally.
The raid, coming just over a month after President Carlos
Salinas de Gortari took office following a campaign that promised
major political and economic reforms, fueled speculation that
Hernandez's arrest was the government's opening shot in its efforts
to control the country's powerful unions. For much of its 59 years,
the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (P.R.I.) has given
considerable autonomy to union leaders in exchange for industrial
peace and delivering votes at election time.
As the former secretary-general and current strongman of the
200,000-member oilworkers union, Hernandez, nicknamed La Quina,
had built up a personal fortune and a large following among those
beholden to him for jobs, education and health care. Many of the
area's poor people regarded him as something of a Mexican Robin
Hood. The enmity between Salinas and Hernandez dates back to the
President's tenure as Secretary of Planning and Federal Budget in
the administration of Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado. At that time,
Salinas accused both the oil union and Pemex, the state oil
company, of inefficiency.
By boldly challenging La Quina, Salinas has perhaps signaled
his intention to end the cozy relationship between the P.R.I. and
corrupt labor unions. The President may have won the opening
skirmish, but the war is not over. "They had to do it if they want
to continue the restructuring of Mexico's economy," said a private
economist. "They seemed to have planned it very well, but things
could still go wrong."